Improvement in machine for tightening- ropes



,y cords, chains, bands,

` on; that is to sayon an axle, Af, fixed to the fram g l with a pulley having a V-groove, or a grove of other i against the operator in the opposi encuen lw sturm (www,

"ARTHUR PAGE'I, yOF LOU'GHBOROwM} E;EQLAJNJLFF A Letters Patent No. 105,240,` dated .ulgj 12, 1870; patented in England April 21, 1868.

nsPRovnMnNT '1N MACHINE ron TIGHTLNING Ropes, sie

To all whom it mag/concern:

Be it known that I, ARTHUR PAGET, of Longtiborough, in the county of Leicester, England, manufacturer, have invented an improved machine or`apparatus'for the hauling, tightening, or pulling of ropes,

and other mechanical equiva-i* lents, and for the holding or making tast such ropes or other mechanical equivalents, and loosing the same when desired and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description of the said invention, -reference .being had to the accompanying drawing and to the fignles and letters marked there- My inventioneonsists in the construction of a machine for the hauling, tightening, or pulling of ropes, .&c., the principal features of which consist, iirst, in combining a ratchet-wheel, tightening-pawl, and lever equivalent iorm, wherein the opposite sides' of the 'groove shall take a bite on the rope or cord to be wound 'or tightened-thereby, and also, in combining with such devices a fixed holding-pawl or silent or friction-ratchet.` lAnother main feature consists in the use of a cleat of peculifn` construction, to be hereafter described, for seeming therope after it has been hauled by the before-mentioned mtchet-pulley. y `Figures 1,1', and 1*, on Sheet I of the accompanying drawing, show, respectively, a `front elevation, asectional side elevation, and a plan of my improved sppsnitns.

Asis a pulley, with a Vgroove, A, on' which is iixed'or formed a ratchet-wheel, Aiaud which runs Iogear with the ratchet-wheel A is n retainingratchet or pawl, 0, on a pin, 0, fixed to the flaming, and acted upon by a spring, C', of India rubber or other suitable material, or by a weight.

y this anangemeut it will be seen that, if a rope be passed partly round the pulley A, it will be easily by an operator, in the direction of the arrow, against n pressure, weight, or tension, but such weight, pressure, or tension will not easily pull the rope te direction to the arrow, whereby an operator will be enabled with ease -to tighten n rope to a great degreqand, when so tightened, he can easily secure the ropegin the cleat B, insinsnner hereafter described.

It will also be seen that, when the operator desires toslack oifor psy out the rope, if he release his end of, the rope, the tendency of the rope to wedge itself -intoer press against the groove A' will cease or be lessened, and the rope can then be drawn in the opposite 'directionwith esse, and thus be entirely under control of the operator in sli ways.

Upon the'axic Aa maybe mounted a lever, G, carrying an aeting-ratchet or pawl, G, on an axle, Gf,l

useenabled, when he has drawn the rope as tight as f he can with his hands, then to obtain a greatly increased power or leverage to tighten or haulK4 the rope, if' requisite, by forcing round the pulley by the depression of thelever G with his foot or hand, or by elevating the other end, stili pulling the rope with bis hand.

The lever is raised again for repeated action by means of the counter-weight G, or other convenient means.

If desired, stiligreater power for hauling or tightening may be applied by the insertion of a removable level-or handle, G5, into a socket, G, formed in.. the

counter-weight G, or the lever may be formed with a socket to fit onto the other end of the lever G.

It vwill also be seen that the operator can easily slack oil' or pay ont,landcan again hold or tighten the rope at pleasure, and it' is found that, with this apparatus, one man can tighten or control a rope betyter than ten men with an ordinary pulley.

The basementr flaming B of the apparatus may be secured to the iioor or deck by a bolt or pin, E, on

which the basement will thenhe free to swivel, and

thus to be adjusted in position for receiving a rope or chain from any quarter.

Figures 2, 2, 2*,'and 2,.Sheet Il, show enlarged viewsof my improved construction of the cleat 1t for seeming the rope, chain, or other mechanical equivalent after having been tightened in the abovedescribed manner, but which construction of cleat may also be employedqvith equal advantage for holding or making fast ropes, 85o., generally, irrespective of its combination with the before-described apparatus.

The cleat 1i. may be held by two bolts or screws, Sl and S', in such .a manner that, it is free to alter its position to a certain extent' relatively to the base or foundation or iioor to which the bolts or screws are secured, as shown in lig. 2. p

If, now, a rope desired to be held be placed in the cleat under the horn at Ri, it will cause the hornV It of the cleat to tilt up or open out to the position shown in Bg. 2*; `and if the free end of the rope be then luid in the cleat and drawn down under the horn B', it will operate both with a wedging action and with a powerful leverage in forcing the cleat upward toward the' position shown in iig. 2, and will thus cause the cleat to hold the nope so that it may be pulled until it is broken before it -wili slip or release itself, but, when desired, the releasing ofthe rope may be easily and illltantueously effected by withdrawing thc last laid end of the rope from under the hom R2, which will (by allowing the horn It to descend and the horn Rltoascend)'1elease the rope entirely.

At Figures 3 and 3 the cleat It is shown fo1mcd witl. curved ends or horns, instead of straight ones, as in the previous arrangement, and may be held by a single fulcrum of any sort, as, for example, by a. cotter, T, passing through two pins, U and U', situated on each side of the cleat, which ft into notches formed in the latter, as shown in' the plan at fig.- 3', so as to4 hold it inposition. l

By making the cotter tapering, and driving it farther or less far through the pins when the rope has been laid in both ends of the cleat, .as before described, a still greater or a decreased Vhold on the rope may be effected. It may also serve to adjust the cleat, in the first instance, according to the sizeof the rope to be laid in it.

In place of a cotter, a piu may also be employed, passing eitherthrough or over the cleat or in -'a boss under the cleat, and into cheeks on either side.

Instead of forming the pulley A of the beforedesoribed apparatus with a plain V-groove, as shown, it may (if increased holding or retaining power be re quired) be formed with a corrugated. V-groove, the corrugations being either made to increase gradually from the periphery of the pulley toward the bottom of the groove, as shown ai: Figure 4, Sheet III, or they can be made greatest at the periphery and decreasing toward the bottom ofthe groove, as indicated in the modified' alrangement of my apparatus shown in front and side elevations at Figures 5 and 5.

These corrugated grooves can be made, if desired, to aord such a firm hold ou the rope that it cannot slip back if laid round a large portion of the circle of the groove, even w'hen the slack end is released by the hand, (but it may still be capable of heilig eased pff, if released from a portion of the circle of the groove,) and, as the pulley A is prevented by thc pawl C from turning hack, the cleat described in the first arrangement forsecuring the rope may, if desii-cd, in that case, be dispensed with.'

In connection with thcabove-described arrangements of pulleys with corrugated V-grooves, I wish to remark that I am aware that it has already .been proposed to make raised libs or notches alternately in the opposite sides of V-grooves or pulleys, for the purpose of more firmly holding the rope or chain, as described in the specification of Povahs English patent, No. 1,675, of 1860, but such an arrangement would be liable to cause an abrasion of the rope and jerking of a. chain, and by it the rope or chain would be held only at certain' intervals, (instead of at the whole of that part of the circle of the groove in which itis laid,) which defects are avoided `by making the entire surface of the groove corrugated, according to my present invention. 4

It willbe evident that my before-described apparatus, for the hauling, tightening, or pulling of ropes,

&c., may he variously modified, according to the purposes to which it is to be applied. Thus, if it is to .be employed in the manner first described, that is, simply as a retaining or holding-pulley, it may take the form as shown in Figures 6 and 6*, Sheet IV, showing, respectively, a side and front elevation, partly iu section, of a pulley-block having a pulley, A, with a single V-groove, A, (the. angle of which may be varied 'as desired, to give different 4degrees of retaining power and facility of overhauling,) and which may or may not be corrugated, as before described.

1t will be observed that the groove in all the forms shown is of such a shape that, if an ordinary ships r rope he passed around therein, the sides ofthe groove will take awsccurc bite on such rope, or, in other words, the'ropc, 'thc strain on it, will bc wedged frequently of vital importance to the safety of lives and property, the value of the improvement described willbe obvious. In this respect the groovcd pulley described differs from the ordinary windlass.

To the side of A is made (or attached) a ratcheti] wheel, A, and it also has an axle, A, which revolves in holes or bearingsin the frame or block B, (or, if preferred, A3 may be fixed in B and A may revolve on it. i

O i2. a ratchet or pawl taking into the ratchet-teeth of A, and l Cl is the axle of ,0" free to revolve in holes'or bearings in the frame or block B, (or, if preferred, O may be fixed in B, and C may revolve on it.)`

C is a spring of India rubber or any suitable material, keeping 0 in gear with the teeth of the ratchet# -wheel A, in whatever .position it may be placed.

Another modification of this simple form of my apparatus, as lapplied to a snatchblock, isshown` in front and side elevation at Figures 7 and 7%, in "which arrangement a, description of' ratchet known as silent, fi'iction, or pressure1atcl1ets may be ap plied, as shown, in place of' the ordinary ratchetwheel and pawl, A being the groovcdwhcel and A? its axle; O being the before-mentioned silent, friction, or pressure-ratchet, C its axle, and C2 its spring of India rubber or other suitablem material; B being the frame of the pulley or block; and E being a` holdingdown bolt or pin, on which the whole apparatus cair swivel or pivot. i

This 'arrangement will hefound (among other uses) very advantageous forhalyards, as it will `be seen that, when the bolt is secured to the deck or floor, and a rope is passed under the pulley, it will give very great power of control to au operator pulling `the rope upward in the direction of the arrow D.

. It will be easily seen that this plan of the ratchet tf can also be applied to the block, shown in figs. 6 and 6*, or the ratchet there shown can be applied to this tj lform of snatch-block, if desired. l

Having tlus described the nature of my invention, and in what manner the same is to beperformed, I wish it to be understood that I do not limit myself to. the precise arrangements thereof as chow'n on the accompanying drawing, as these maybe variously modified, without departing from the essential features of my invention; but

1. A ratchet-pulley having a groove, the` sides'of which, when in use, shall take a bite on the rope, cord, or chain to be operated therein, in combination with-a lever or levers, carrying a. pawl in gear with the ratchet of thegrooved pulley, arranged and operative substantially iu the manuel' set forth.

2. The subjectmiatter of the foregoing claim, in combination with a fixed holding-pawl, or its equivalent, arranged with refercucc tothe groovcd 'ratchet pulley, substantially as described.

3. The arrangement of cleats or apparatus for holding or making fast ropes, cords, strings, or other mcchanical equivalents, wherein such cleats are heldby one or more bolts or pins or other convenient fulcrum or fulcrums, in such manner as to act with shifting, va riable, or differential leverage, and at variable angles upon the rope, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name lo this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses, this twenty-fifth day of October. one tho usand eight lnmdred and sixty-nine.

ARTHUR IAGE'I.

Witnesses: i

Guss. D. ABEL, WM. Slrwamar. 

